Spanner or wrench.



PATENTED AUG. 18, 1903.

J. CHANDLER.

SPANNBR OR WRENGH. APPLIIIOATION FILED mo. 24, 1902.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

N0 MODEL.

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PATENTED AUG. 18, 1903 J. CHANDLER.

SPANNER OR WRENCH.

APPLICATION runn'nno. 24, 1902.

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' H0 MODEL.

No. 736,687. Patented August 18, 1903.

Nrrnn STATES JAMES CHANDLER, OF BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO MARSHAL HALSTEAD, OF BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND, AND GEORGE HENRY BIDDLE, OF MOSLEY, ENGLAND.

SPANNER ORWRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 736,687, dated August 18, 1903.

Application filed December 24, 1902. Serial No. 136,469. (No model.)

To ctZZ whom it may 0011 With reference to the spanner Figs. 1 and Be it known that I, JAMES CHANDLER, engi- 2, a, is the one jaw, c is the other jaw, and d neer,acitizenoftheUnited StatesofAmerica, is the opening between these jaws wherein residing at present at 43 Cannon street, Birthe nut to be turned takes, while g is the head ininghain, in the county of Varwick, Engof the spanner, and m is the stalk and handle,

land, but late of 1293 Broadway, New York, the jaws being formed upon the head g. The N. Y., have invented certain new and useful jaw a is cut away at ta so that in the turn- Improvements in Spanners or renches, of ing of the nut 6 (shown in dotted lines) it which the following is a specification. only nips or grips the said nut beyond the :0 My invention relates to spanners or center of the flat or facet 6 it engages, while wrenches for turning or rotating faceted the jaw o is cut away at 0 so that it only nuts, faceted bolt-heads, and such like, and nips or grips the nut inward of the center comprises the improved features hereinafter of the flat c it engages, the said nipping described and claimed. or gripping being at diagonally opposite [5 The object of the invention is to provide a ends of the nuts opposite flats or facets. In simple and effective spanner or wrench which other words, the jaw c nips or grips the nut without losing hold of or leaving the nut only at the throat of the opening d, while the can be changed from one pair of facets or jaw a is extended beyond the jaw 0, so as to flats to another pair of facets or flats by the nip or grip the nut only at the mouth of the 20 simple turning of the spanner or Wrench in said opening, the other parts of the jaws, the opposite direction to the direction in formingsides of the opening (1, being cut away which it is turned for rotating the said nut, at diagonally opposite points sufficient to adthe latter in the changing of the facets or mit the angles or corners of the nut to turn flats, as aforesaid, remaining stationary. between them when the spanner is being 25 In the accompanying sheets of drawings changed from one pair of facets or flats to anthe improvements according to the invenother pair, this changing being indicated in tion are shown applied to ordinary types of Fig. 2. The jaw a may be entirely cut away fixed and movable or adjustable spanners or outside its gripping or nipping portion, as wrenches and will be hereinafter made clear represented by the form of the invention Fig.

30 in connection therewith, the features thereof 3; but it is preferable to continue this jaw 8c being in the formation of the jaws at the ancient it away at c in the manner shown in opening between them wherein the nut or Figs. 1 and 2, as the inner edge of the outer bolt-head fits. part of the jaw thereby constitutes a guide Figures 1 and 2 of the said drawings show for the turning of the spanner on the nut.

5 side elevations of a fixed-size spanner accord- The cut-away part a is necessary both for a 8 5 ing to my invention for a square nut, and clearance and for arguide in changing the Fig. 3 a side elevation of a modification of facets, and it must extend from the bottom this spanner, while Figs. 4. and 5 show side of the throat of the opening at between the elevations of a spanner according to my injaws beyond the center of the nut e. It will 0 vention for a hexagonal nut, this latter also be seen from Figs. 1 and 2 that the extremity o accommodating a square nut. Fig. 6 shows 0 of the outer part of the jaw 0 adjacent to an elevation of the spanner Fig. l with a the cut-away part c is hooked or turned indifierent-shaped handle, while Figs. 7 and 8 ward somewhat, and this is preferable in view show by side elevations the application of of making the said cut-away part a guide, as

.45 the invention to two well-known forms of a aforesaid. shifting or adjustable spanner or monkey- In using the spanner to turn the nut ethe wrench. Figs. 2 and 5 show clearly how the spanner is turned in the direction of the arspanners turn on the nuts so as to change row, Fig. 1, and the nut is nipped by the jaws from one pair of facets to another pair of a and c at diagonally opposite ends of the 0p- 50 facets. posite flats 6 6 To change the spanner to too another pair of facets or flats, the spanner is turned (the nut being stationary) in a direction opposite to the direction of the arrow, when the cut-away parts a c of the jaws allow of the spanner to roll over the diagonals of the nut without the jaws leaving the nut or losing hold of the nut.

I would point out that it is preferable to make the bottom of the opening (1 a curve, as shown at 0 in Figs. 1 and 2, the nut e only contacting with the said bottom at the center of the curve. I

The arrangement of the invention Figs. 4 and 5 is in substance in accordance with the arrangement Figs. 1 and 2, the only change being that the bottom 9 of the throat of the opening d between the jaws a and c is V- shaped to enable the spanner to take hexagonal or similar nuts, this spanner also being able to accommodate square nuts.

The form of the invention Fig. 6 diifers only from the form Figs. 1 and 2 in respect of the shape of the stalk and handle m, the latter in this case being at right angles to the gripping sides of the jaws.

The arrangement of the invention in respect of the monkey-wrenches, Figs. '7 and 8, will be obvious from the foregoing description, the formation of the jaws being exactly in accordance with Figs. 1 and 2. I may state, however, that c is the fixed jaw and a is the movable jaw in these cases.

The foregoing improved spanners have a large amount of utility, particularly Where nuts and such like are in awkward places and difliicult to get at.

Having now described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A spanner comprising a head provided with a pair of rigid gripping-jaws suitably spaced apart, one of said jaws having a portion of its gripping-face flattened and the remaining portion of said gripping-face segmental in contour, said flattened portion terminating in said segmental-shaped portion and said segmental-shaped portion terminating in said head, and the other of said jaws having a portion of its gripping-face flattened and the remaining portion of its gripping-face curvilinear in contour which forms at its outer end a lip, said curvilinear portion at its inner end terminating in said flattened portion and the said flattened portion terminatingin said head.

2. A spanner comprising a head cut away to form a bifurcation, the lower wall of which is substantially V-shaped in contour, one of the side walls of said bifurcation having a portion of its inner face flattened and the remaining portion of its inner face segmental in contour,said flattened portion terminating in said segmental-sh aped portion and said segmentalshaped portion terminating in said lower wall, and the other of the side walls of said bifurcation having a portion of its inner face flattened and the remaining portion of said inner face curvilinear in contour,.thereby forming at its outer end a lip, said curvilinear portion at its inner end terminating in said flattened portion and the said flattened portion terminating in said lower wall.

In testimony whereof I have hereuntoset my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

J AMES CHANDLER.

Witnesses:

GEORGE H. BI DLE,

GEo. FEENY. 

